Local perspectives and motivations of people living in flood-prone areas of Srinagar city, India

Abstract

Globally, the number of people living in flood-prone areas is increasing. The poorest and most vulnerable people are at the greatest risk. This article analyses the dominant social factors that motivates people to occupy flood-prone areas, from the perspective of residents across the social spectrum in the largest Himalayan urban center, Srinagar City. The field experience suggests that the residents of flood-prone areas moved to safer part of city and outside of city, but returned to their original place as soon as floodwaters were gone, when the region was hit by a historic flood disaster in the beginning of September 2014. Both male and female, socially and educationally disadvantageous people were included in the study to ensure diversity of opinion. The qualitative data from personal interviews, conducted with the residents having previous flood experience was analysed by using data-driven thematic approach – an iterative and reflective process – to develop five “key” themes reflecting lived experience. The themes include: (1) place attachment, (2) good living conditions, (3) adaptation to flooding, (4) sense of community, and (5) social harmony. The thick description produced on each theme and supported with direct quotations from participants themselves helped to uncover the underlying realities to inform decision-making. It is important for disaster managers and risk communicators to consider the social aspects of flooding and understand the psyche of exposed vulnerable populations to address planning and communication gaps, design and implement community programs, especially to help the helpless and vulnerable people better manage flood risk and achieve resilience.