Abstract
BackgroundRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common cause of bronchiolitis in infants. Following RSV bronchiolitis, 50% of children develop post-bronchiolitis wheeze (PBW). Animal studies have suggested that interleukin (IL)-10 plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of RSV bronchiolitis and subsequent airway hyperresponsiveness. Previously, we showed that ex vivo monocyte IL-10 production is a predictor of PBW. Additionally, heterozygosity of the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs1800872 in the IL10 promoter region was associated with protection against RSV bronchiolitis.MethodsThis study aimed to determine the in vivo role of IL-10 in RSV pathogenesis and recurrent wheeze in a new cohort of 235 infants hospitalized for RSV bronchiolitis. IL-10 levels in nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPAs) were measured at the time of hospitalization and the IL10 SNP rs1800872 genotype was determined. Follow-up data were available for 185 children (79%).ResultsLocal IL-10 levels during RSV infection turned out to be higher in infants that later developed physician diagnosed PBW as compared to infants without PBW in the first year after RSV infection (958 vs 692 pg/ml, p = 0.02). The IL10 promoter SNP rs1800872 was not associated with IL-10 concentration in NPAs.ConclusionThe relationship between high local IL-10 levels during the initial RSV infection and physician diagnosed PBW provides further evidence of the importance of the IL-10 response during RSV bronchiolitis.
Highlights
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common cause of bronchiolitis in infants
For the current study on the pathogenesis of post-bronchiolitis wheeze (PBW) we have focused on the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs1800872, which is located in the promoter region of the IL10 gene and affects IL-10 production at the site of infection [33]
Ex vivo monocyte IL-10 production during the convalescent phase of RSV bronchiolitis was shown to be higher in infants with PBW compared to infants without PBW [32]
Summary
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common cause of bronchiolitis in infants. RSV causes a wide range of clinical symptoms, varying from mild upper respiratory tract infection to severe bronchiolitis and pneumonia [1,2]. For the current study on the pathogenesis of PBW we have focused on the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs1800872, which is located in the promoter region of the IL10 gene and affects IL-10 production at the site of infection [33]. Heterozygosity of this SNP was associated with increased resistance to severe RSV infection [34]. To clarify the role of IL-10 in the pathogenesis of PBW, the association between IL-10 levels during RSV infection and the IL10 promoter SNP rs1800872 with the development of PBW was investigated
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