Abstract
Growing economies need green and renewable energy. Their financial development can reduce energy consumption (through energy-efficient technologies) and replace fossil fuels with renewable ones. Gas turbine engines are widely used in transport and industry. To improve their economic attractiveness and to reduce harmful emissions, including greenhouse gases, alternative fuels and waste heat recovery technologies can be used. A promising direction is the use of alcohol and thermo-chemical recuperation. The purpose of this study is to estimate the economic efficiency and carbon dioxide emissions of an alcohol-fueled regenerative gas turbine engine with thermo-chemical recuperation. The carbon dioxide emissions have been determined using engine efficiency, fuel properties, as well as life cycle analysis. The engine efficiency was maximized by varying the water/alcohol ratio. To evaluate steam fuel reforming for a certain engine, a conversion performance factor has been suggested. At the optimal water/methanol ratio of 3.075 this technology can increase efficiency by 4% and reduce tank-to-wake emission by 80%. In the last 6 months of 2019, methanol prices were promising for power and cogeneration plants in remote locations. The policy recommendation is that local authorities should pay attention to alcohol fuel and advanced turbines to curb the adverse effects of burning petroleum fuel on economic growth and the environment.
Highlights
The development of the global economy results in an increase in energy consumption and world trade [1]
A gas turbine engine is fed by syngas, which is a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide
Leading thermal engine manufacturers have adapted them to run on alternative fuels such as natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, alcohols, etc
Summary
The development of the global economy results in an increase in energy consumption and world trade [1]. To meet the energy requirements of society, gas turbine engines (GTE) are used worldwide for marine transport, aviation, land transport, power plants, etc. The primary challenges facing GTEs are improving their performance and reducing harmful emissions, including greenhouse gas (carbon dioxide) [2,3,4]. Directive 2009/28/EC requires the use of biofuels in transport [5], the International Marine Organization. Energies 2020, 13, 2156 strictly regulates harmful emissions from ships [6], the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change recommended a reduction of greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) by 50–85% from 2000 to 2050 [7]. The use of alternative fuels and electric transport can provide up to 80% of the projected carbon dioxide emission mitigation [8]. Biofuels can be used for transport (land, marine, and aviation) and energy sector [9]
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