Abstract
Blood cells of ascidians (tunicates) are known to accumulate high levels of vanadium selectively from sea water [1]. It has long been extensively studied how much vanadium is accumulated, which organ participate in the accumulation of vanadium, and what is the route of vanadium accumulation. However, they are not yet revealed completely, Micro-XANES is a powerful tool to investigate micro-distribution of chemical species of a given element. Fluorescence scanning X-ray microscope at ESRF (ID21), covering an energy range from 2 to 8 keV, has the capability of investigating chemical states of vanadium, sulfur, magnesium and calcium, In the present study we have applied this X-ray scanning microscope in fluorescence mode to elucidate the distribution of vanadium in living ascidian blood cells. Using a cryogenic sample holder, local XANES spectra was also taken successfully. The valence of the vanadium in the cellis +3 and +4,judging from XANES spectra.
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