Abstract
Abstract Domestic food production and the conservation of limited agricultural resources, such as prime farmland soils, are of critical importance to both the short- and long-term health and welfare of Americans. Typical farming practices today require many inputs, such as fertilizers, pesticides, and mechanized cultivation. Our nation’s industrialized agricultural systems produce essential food products, but also environmental externalities, including excess nutrient runoff from fertilizers and livestock wastes, pesticide runoff, soil erosion and sedimentation, greenhouse gas emissions from farm machinery and livestock manure, and human enteric or intestinal pathogens. These outputs affect not only fish, wildlife, and other ecologically beneficial species, but also human use of water resources, including ground and surface waters, for domestic use and consumption, recreation, and commercial activities.
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