Abstract
We describe and illustrate Lobelia capixaba, a new species of L. sect. Rhynchopetalum. The species is endemic to the state of Espírito Santo, known only from a few locations in Forno Grande State Park and surrounding areas. The unilabiate corolla with all lobes free at the apex and convolute is crucial to recognize the taxon as a distinct entity. The flower color is also notable, which can be whole in a single color or composed of a gradient of tones ranging from whitish or greenish to pink shades along the inflorescence. The species is compared to L. organensis, L. exaltata and L. hassleri, the morphologically most similar species. It is also compared to L. fistulosa and L. thapsoidea, as these species have overlapping distributions. An identification key for the South American species of L. sect. Rhynchopetalum is provided, along with comments on the species’ occurrence area and morphological variation, a distribution map, photographs, and SEM images of the seeds.
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