Abstract
The flow around a flapping wing is characterized by an unsteady evolution of three-dimensional vortices, which are one of the main sources of loads. The difficulty in directly measuring such low forces by means of sensors and the need of the characterization of the evolution of the flow have lead to the evaluation of loads using the integral form of the momentum equation. This paper describes methods for evaluating instantaneous loads and three-dimensional pressure fields using 3D3C velocity fields only. An evaluation of the accuracy of these methods using DNS velocity fields is presented. Loads and pressure fields are then calculated using scanning tomography PIV velocity fields, around a NACA 0012 airfoil for a flapping motion in a water tank at a Reynolds number of 1,000. The results suggest a sufficient accuracy of calculated pressure fields for a global analysis of the topology of the flow and for the evaluation of loads by integrating the calculated pressure field over the surface of the wing.
Published Version
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