Loading Effect of Chitosan Derivative Nanoparticles on Different Antigens and Their Immunomodulatory Activity on Dendritic Cells.

Chaojie Xu,Kecheng Li,Yukun Qin,Huahua Yu,Song Liu,Pengcheng Li,Ronge Xing

doi:10.3390/md19100536

Abstract

Drug carrier nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared by the polyelectrolyte method, with chitosan sulfate, with different substituents and quaternary ammonium chitosan, including C236-HACC NPs, C36-HACC NPs, and C6-HACC NPs. To evaluate whether the NPs are suitable for loading different antigens, we chose bovine serum albumin (BSA), ovalbumin (OVA), and myoglobin (Mb) as model antigens to investigate the encapsulation effect of the NPs. The characteristics (size, potential, and encapsulation efficiency) of the NPs were measured. Moreover, the NPs with higher encapsulation efficiency were selected for the immunological activity research. The results showed that chitosan derivative NPs with different substitution sites had different loading effects on the three antigens, and the encapsulation rate of BSA and OVA was significantly better than that of Mb. Moreover, the NPs encapsulated with different antigens have different immune stimulating abilities to DCS cells, the immune effect of OVA-coated NPs was significantly better than that of BSA-coated NPs and blank NPs, especially C236-HACC-OVA NPs. Furthermore, we found that C236-HACC-OVA NPs could increase the phosphorylation level of intracellular proteins to activate cell pathways. Therefore, C236-HACC NPs are more suitable for the loading of antigens similar to the OVA structure.

Highlights

Human health is a hotspot of scientific research
In our previous study, we demonstrated that the NPs prepared with sulfated chitosan (SCS) and 2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (HACC)
The results indicate that all derivatives were successfully prepared [18]

Summary

Introduction

Human health is a hotspot of scientific research. The novel coronavirus in 2020 has killed tens of thousands of people around the world. This virus is extremely contagious, and it is difficult to find a better treatment. Vaccines are an effective way to treat many infectious diseases. In regard to vaccinia prevention, vaccines are even more important due to their efficacy in preventing diseases. Adjuvants are an essential part of vaccines. The most common adjuvants are white oil and aluminum salts. Both of these adjuvants have some drawbacks [1,2].

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Discussion

Conclusion