Abstract
Current trends in the energy development includes the creation of multi-energy systems (MES) with several energy carriers that are planned, designed and operated with essential coordination of their subsystems. When managing the development and functioning of such systems, optimization problems should be solved to minimize the cost of production, transmission and distribution of energy resources. Traditionally, the means of such minimization are the redistribution of the loads of generation sources, consumers and energy storage devices. The topology of MES if different for different energy carriers, and topologies are combined through energy hubs – nodes in which energy is converted from one type to another. Such transformation can simply be considered as the consumption of one type of energy with the simultaneous generation of another type. This provides brand new opportunities for optimizing modes specific to a MES. Essential part of the search of optimal solution is the calculation of the load flow – that is, the determination of nodes’ and connections’ mode parameters of the system subject to balance equations (Kirchhoff’s circuit laws). The load flow equations act as constraints in optimization problems. This paper presents an attempt to form a single model for calculating the load flow of different energy carriers in a MES.
Highlights
In electric power, gas and heat supply systems, steadystate mode calculations in the network are carried out at all time and territorial levels of dispatch control, as well as in design and research organizations
The methods and algorithms for calculating the steady-state mode of the electric network are the basis of methods for more complex calculations, in particular, methods for optimizing the network modes, comprehensive optimization of the power systems’ mode by all variables, stability calculations, etc. [1]
When managing the modes of electric power, gas and heat supply systems, such problems are solved as state estimation, steady state calculation, operational adjustment of optimal operating modes within an acceptable area, analysis of possible emergency situations, a comprehensive assessment of the reliability of networks, operational control of parameters and admissibility of the current regime, assessment of reliability indicators of the current mode, assessment of mode’s technical and economic indicators, the adjustment of modes and networks by the conditions of reliability, the restoration work plan formation after accidents etc
Summary
Gas and heat supply systems, steadystate mode calculations (load flow calculations) in the network are carried out at all time and territorial levels of dispatch control, as well as in design and research organizations. Their purpose is to verify the admissibility of the planned regime in the short, long and long-term planning and solving a number of other issues. These dependencies generally are nonlinear and that is reason why the system being solved is nonlinear
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