Abstract
ABSTRACTThis paper proposes a load balancing to mitigate the hot spot problem in wireless sensor network (WSN), based on enhancing diversity pollens in Flower pollination algorithm (FPA). The hotspot problem in the WSN is spots near base station (BS) that consume more energy and drain out energy more quickly than other nodes farther from the BS. The spots near BS are hotter than other places due to the heavy traffic from the cluster members and other cluster heads (CH) for relaying data to BS. Enhancing diversity pollens for FPA is one of the solutions to deal smoothly with trapping local extrema for solving the hotspot problem. To evaluate the proposed algorithm, we firstly use a set of benchmark functions to test performance quality, and secondly, we deal with the load balancing problem in WSN. The results compared with some metaheuristic approaches and other related clustering algorithms demonstrate that the proposed method performs better than the others regarding various performance metrics such as the load balancing, execution time, energy consumption, and convergence rate.
Highlights
Rapid development in the field of integrated circuits and information technology leads to the development of cheap and compact size sensor nodes (Chang & Huang, 2016)
The final, a load balancing among the Cluster Head (CH) to mitigate hotspot issue in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is figured out and the results compared with others methods in the literature are carried out to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm
The number of CHs is about 10.0% of the total number of nodes; the percentage may vary if nodes are unevenly distributed
Summary
CHs closer to BS are loaded with heavy traffic due to: intracluster traffic from its cluster members, data aggregation, and inter-cluster traffic from other CHs for relaying data to BS This results in disruption of the network connectivity and coverage issues that happen to the clusters closer to BS. The third, a formulating fitness function of the load balancing in WSN is executed by applying the enhanced diversity pollen in FPA. The final, a load balancing among the CHs to mitigate hotspot issue in WSN is figured out and the results compared with others methods in the literature are carried out to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm.
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