Abstract
The mechanisms of disorders in cell functions induced by 1,4-naphthoquinone amide derivatives are not clarified yet. The article is dedicated to the study of features of these substances influence on loach Misgurnus fossilis L. embryos pro/antioxidant homeostasis during early embryogenesis. The aim of this work was to study the effect of 2-chloro-3-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone, 2-chloro-3-(3-oxo-3-(piperidine-1-yl)propylamine)-1,4-naphthoquinone (FO-1), 2-chloro-3-(3-(morpholine-4-yl)-3-oxopropylamine)-1,4-naphthoquinone (FO-2 at concentrations of 10-3, 10-5, 10-7 M on the content of TBA-reactive substances (a byproduct of lipid peroxidation) and the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase in loach embryos. It was established that 1,4-naphthoquinone amide derivatives and 2-chloro-3-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone decreased the content of lipid peroxidation products in embryo cells in a dose-dependent manner. The investigated compounds cause an increase in superoxide dismutase and catalase activities compared with the control value. The results of the two-factor ANOVA test indicate that 2-chloro-3-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone and 1,4-naphthoquinone amide derivatives (FO-1, FO-2) have predominant influence on the TBA-reactive substances content and superoxide dismutase activity. However, the time of loach embryos development has a more pronounced effect on catalase activity than the studied 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives.
Highlights
D erivatives of 1,4-naphthoquinone are widely used in medicine and veterinary as bacteriostatic, bactericidal and fungicidal preparations
It was found that the TBA-reactive substances (TBARS) content in loach embryos at all studied stages of development under the effect of 2-chloro-3-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone, FO-1, FO-2 decreased in a dose-dependent manner (Table 1)
It should be noted that the admini stration of these compounds at low concentrations (10-7 M) led to a decrease in the content of lipid peroxidation byproducts, on the average by 51%, whe reas at high concentrations (10-3 M) – by 80%
Summary
D erivatives of 1,4-naphthoquinone are widely used in medicine and veterinary as bacteriostatic, bactericidal and fungicidal preparations. The literature has described the effects of amide derivatives of 1,4-naphthoquinone on various cancer cell lines: KB (oral cancer), NCI-H187 (small cell lung cancer), MCF-7 (breast cancer) and Vero cell line (monkey kidney epithelium) [1,2,3]. It is known that quinones, having a high reduction potential, can participate in a redox cycle through their semiquinone radicals that results in formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), including superoxide, hydrogen peroxide and, hydroxyl radical. The formation of these molecules may lead to oxidative stress in cell due to damage to cellular macromolecules, such as lipids, proteins, and DNA [4, 5]. Quinones act as acceptors in the Michael reaction, and cellular damage can be caused by alkylation of important cellular proteins and/or DNA [4]
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