LO003: Outpatient referrals from the emergency department - a retrospective review

Abstract

Introduction: While a majority of patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) are discharged home without need for inpatient hospitalization, many require outpatient follow-up. Currently, outpatient referrals from our ED are made via a complex and error-prone series of manual steps which have the potential to be unreliable and negatively impact quality of care. We sought to perform a current state analysis of our outpatient referral processes across the hospital’s specialties. Methods: We conducted a retrospective health records review at a tertiary academic centre (>160,000 ED visits/year) from January 1 to January 7, 2015. All consecutive outpatient consultation requests triggered by an ED physician were identified and included for chart review. All cases were subsequently followed up to 11 months. A single reviewer extracted data on demographics, actual referral attendance rates, incomplete referrals, return ED visits, and time intervals. The top 3 and bottom 3 performing services were identified for further analysis of their outpatient referral mechanisms and processes. We present descriptive statistics. Results: A total of 251 outpatient referrals to a broad range of specialty services were identified during the study period. 216 (86.1%) of patients attended the intended appointment, while 35 (13.9%) of referrals were incomplete at 11 months post index ED visit. The overall median time to successful outpatient follow-up appointments was 8.5 days [IQR=3.8-24.2]. 8 (3.2%) patients had a return ED visit for a related complaint prior to being seen at their outpatient appointment. The top 3 performers were Ophthalmology [Median=1.0 day, IQR=0.0-1.0, Incomplete=2.8%], Plastic Surgery [Median=5.0 days, IQR=2.8-6.0, Incomplete=7.7%], and Orthopedics [Median=8.0 days, IQR=7.0-10.0, Incomplete=0.0%]. The bottom 3 performers were Dermatology [Median=52days, IQR=41.5-92.5, Incomplete=25.0%], Neurology [Median=40.0 days, IQR= 2.5-43.5, Incomplete=56.3%], and Urology [Median=14.0 days, IQR=10.5-48.0, Incomplete=33.3%]. Conclusion: We found a tremendous range of variability in both the waiting times and actual reliability of outpatient referral processes from the ED. Future phases of this project will focus on examining specific processes of the top and bottom performing specialties in order to improve and standardize all outpatient referrals.