Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are associated with human diseases. Although lncRNA–disease associations have received significant attention, no online repository is available to collect lncRNA-mediated regulatory mechanisms, key downstream targets, and important biological functions driven by disease-related lncRNAs in human diseases. We thus developed LncTarD (http://biocc.hrbmu.edu.cn/LncTarD/ or http://bio-bigdata.hrbmu.edu.cn/LncTarD), a manually-curated database that provides a comprehensive resource of key lncRNA–target regulations, lncRNA-influenced functions, and lncRNA-mediated regulatory mechanisms in human diseases. LncTarD offers (i) 2822 key lncRNA–target regulations involving 475 lncRNAs and 1039 targets associated with 177 human diseases; (ii) 1613 experimentally-supported functional regulations and 1209 expression associations in human diseases; (iii) important biological functions driven by disease-related lncRNAs in human diseases; (iv) lncRNA–target regulations responsible for drug resistance or sensitivity in human diseases and (v) lncRNA microarray, lncRNA sequence data and transcriptome data of an 11 373 pan-cancer patient cohort from TCGA to help characterize the functional dynamics of these lncRNA–target regulations. LncTarD also provides a user-friendly interface to conveniently browse, search, and download data. LncTarD will be a useful resource platform for the further understanding of functions and molecular mechanisms of lncRNA deregulation in human disease, which will help to identify novel and sensitive biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
Highlights
Studies have shown that >98% of the human genome does not encode protein sequences
The query result is presented as a responsive table, which contains the basic information of disease-associated long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs)–target regulations, including the lncRNA and target gene, associated disease, regulatory direction, dysregulated expression pattern of lncRNAs, and associated biological functions, as well as lncRNA-mediated regulatory mechanisms (Figure 4C)
With the increasing amount of new highthroughput multi-omics data derived from patients with different diseases, we will characterize the effects of lncRNA– target regulations on human diseases in terms of the following aspects: (i) lncRNAs can regulate gene expression through histone modification, DNA methylation, and chromatin structure in human diseases
Summary
Studies have shown that >98% of the human genome does not encode protein sequences. In particular, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of important noncoding RNAs with lengths >200 nt [1]. Important information concerning key downstream targets, biological functions driven by disease-related lncRNAs, as well as lncRNA-dependent mechanisms of gene expression deregulation in human diseases still remain hidden in a large amount of dispersed literature, and have yet to be extensively and systematically collected.
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