Abstract
The rapid development of new generation sequencing technology has deepened the understanding of genomes and functional products. RNA-sequencing studies in mammals show that approximately 85% of the DNA sequences have RNA products, for which the length greater than 200 nucleotides (nt) is called long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA). LncRNAs now have been shown to play important epigenetic regulatory roles in key molecular processes, such as gene expression, genetic imprinting, histone modification, chromatin dynamics, and other activities by forming specific structures and interacting with all kinds of molecules. This paper mainly discusses the correlation between the structure and function of lncRNAs with the recent progress in epigenetic regulation, which is important to the understanding of the mechanism of lncRNAs in physiological and pathological processes.
Highlights
The rapid development and application of high-throughput sequencing technology further steadies the key situation of the connecting link of RNA in the focal dogma [1,2]
Emerging evidence shows that the finding of long non-coding RNAs, a less characterized class of molecules that are greater than 200 nucleotides in length, lead to the gene number duplicated in the databases [4]
LncRNAs have been extensively studied, and many new techniques have been applied to long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) sequencing and structure analysis, including some genome-wide strategies
Summary
The rapid development and application of high-throughput sequencing technology further steadies the key situation of the connecting link of RNA in the focal dogma [1,2]. The noncode database includes 73,370 lncRNAs from 1229 organisms, up to now [5], More than 50,000 new RNA transcripts have been found for the human genome in different tissue and cell types, most of which are lncRNAs, as well as plant and animal studies [6,7]. All of those lncRNAs enrich the biological diversity of the ecosphere, and complicate the studies of cell regulated mechanisms. This review will mainly consider the correlations of lncRNA structure and function in epigenetic regulation, to provide useful information for understanding the cellular molecule interaction and disease etiology
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