Abstract
As novel members of the noncoding RNA family, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been widely reported to function as powerful regulators in gene expression processes, including chromosome remodeling, transcription interference and posttranscriptional modification. With the rapid development of metagenomic sequencing, numerous studies have indicated that the dysregulation of lncRNAs is closely associated with diverse human diseases, especially cancers. Prostate Gene Expression Marker 1 (PCGEM1), a recently identified lncRNA, has been reported to play a crucial role in the initiation and progression of multiple tumors by interacting with pivotal regulators of tumor-related signaling pathways. In this review, we will retrospectively review the recent studies of the expression of lncRNA PCGEM1 in human cancers and comprehensively describe the underlying regulatory mechanism by which PCGEM1 functions in tumors. More importantly, based on the relationship between PCGEM1 and cancers, the potential application of PCGEM1 in clinical diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic treatment will also be highlighted.
Highlights
Cancer is a complex human disease with multiple risk factors that involves biological processes such as genetic mutations, chromosomal remodeling and epigenetic alterations [1]
As an important member of the long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) family located on chromosome 2q32, prostate gene expression marker 1 (PCGEM1) has been confirmed to function as a tumor promotor in diverse tumors
We presented retrospective evidence of its upregulated expression based on data from multiple cancer cell lines and matched tumor/nontumor tissues
Summary
Cancer is a complex human disease with multiple risk factors that involves biological processes such as genetic mutations, chromosomal remodeling and epigenetic alterations [1]. LncRNA PCGEM1 in Cancer Therapy characteristics have emerged such as specific molecular agonist that enables T cells to mediate tumor killing and generating immune memory more efficiently [2,3,4]. A variety of cancer studies have uncovered that lncRNAs can fulfil oncogenic or tumor-suppressive functions in cancer biology [9], impacting cancer cell biological characteristics such as multiplication capacity, invasiveness and motility through diverse mechanisms [10]. Scaffold lncRNAs function as a central platform for various protein complexes to connect and target to specific location and regulate genomic activities. PCGEM1 has a large effect on downstream genes and regulates cancer cell proliferation, invasion and apoptosis. The comprehensive specific molecular mode of action and potential clinical implications of PCGEM1 will be discussed
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