Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as critical regulators in various cellular processes. However, the potential involvement of lncRNAs in kinase signaling remains largely unknown. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) acts as a critical sensor of cellular energy status. Here we show that lncRNA NBR2 (neighbor of BRCA1 gene 2) is induced by the LKB1-AMPK pathway under energy stress. Upon energy stress, NBR2 in turn interacts with AMPK and promotes AMPK kinase activity, thus forming a feed-forward loop to potentiate AMPK activation during energy stress. Depletion of NBR2 attenuates energy stress-induced AMPK activation, resulting in unchecked cell cycling, altered apoptosis/autophagy response, and increased tumor development in vivo. NBR2 is down-regulated and its low expression correlates with poor clinical outcomes in some human cancers. Together, our study uncovers a mechanism coupling lncRNAs with metabolic stress response, and provides a broad framework to further understand the regulation of kinase signaling by lncRNAs.
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