Abstract
Varicocele-related sperm damages are usually caused by oxidative stresses. Growing evidence indicates that lncRNA growth arrested DNA-damage inducible gene 7 (gadd7) is involved in the regulation of the oxidative stress responses. In this study, we measured the expression level of gadd7 in the sperm and found that the expression of gadd7 was significantly up-regulated in patients with varicocele compared with the healthy control. The relative expression level of gadd7 was negatively correlated with the sperm count. Overexpression of gadd7 suppressed cell proliferation and promoted cell apoptosis in mouse spermatocyte-derived cell lines GC-1 and GC-2. Furthermore, the protein level of Bax was raised while Bcl2 expression was reduced after overexpression of gadd7. This work provides a potential novel insight for the varicocele-related sperm impairment and male infertility.
Highlights
Infertility is considered a widespread public health problem and nearly half of infertility is caused by a male factor [1]
Www.impactjournals.com/oncotarget www.impactjournals.com/oncotarget cellular response to DNA damage and overexpression of gadd7 leads to a decrease in hamster ovary (CHO) cell growth. gadd7 is found to be a regulator of lipidinduced oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress [14]
We found that gadd7 was up-regulated in varicocele group compared to normal healthy group
Summary
Infertility is considered a widespread public health problem and nearly half of infertility is caused by a male factor [1]. A varicocele might be noticed as a soft lump, which is an abnormal enlargement of the pampiniform venous plexus in the scrotum [2]. About 15% of men in the general population have varicocele, while more than 40% of male infertility cases showed varicocele [3]. Varicocele may be one of the main contributors in male infertility due to the increased temperature and oxidative stress in scrotum [4]. The concept that a varicocele causes male subfertility has been around for more than 50 years the mechanisms by which a varicocele would destroy fertility have not yet been satisfactorily explained. Many genetic and epigenetic changes are found to be associated with varicocele-mediated male infertility [5], but the molecular pathological process is still far from understood. A better identification of the biological markers of the male infertility is crucial, especially non-coding RNAs, as their gene expression pattern and function is not very clear
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