Abstract
Hyposalivation is a complication of hypertension. However, little is known about the role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in salivary glands in hypertension. This study aimed to compare the lncRNA and mRNA expression profiles between spontaneous hypertension rats (SHRs) and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats through microarray analysis and apple bioinformatics methods to analyse their potential roles in hyposalivation. The differentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs and mRNAs were confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Compared with WKY rats, 225 DE lncRNAs and 473 DE mRNAs were identified in the SMG of SHRs. The pathway analyses of DE mRNAs showed that inflammatory mediator regulation of transient receptor potential channels was involved in hyposalivation in SHRs. Ten DE lncRNAs were chosen for further research. A coding-non-coding gene co-expression (CNC) network and competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network analysis revealed that the potential functions of these 10 DE lncRNAs were closely connected with the processes of the immune response. This study showed abundant DE lncRNAs and mRNAs in hypertensive SMGs. Furthermore, our results indicated strong associations between the immune response and hyposalivation and showed the potential of immune-related genes as novel and therapeutic targets for hyposalivation.
Highlights
We found that the most upregulated differentially expressed (DE) mRNAs were involved in the regulation of multicellular organismal processes, cell projection part and cytoskeletal protein binding; the most downregulated DE mRNAs were involved in the immune response, the external side of the plasma membrane and peptide binding
spontaneous hypertension rats (SHRs) were used in this manuscript as an animal model of essential hypertension to study the regulatory mechanism of reduced secretion of the submandibular gland (SMG) in hypertension
High-throughput sequencing of SMG long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and mRNAs from SHRs showed that there were 120 upregulated and 105 downregulated lncRNAs and 201 upregulated and 272 downregulated mRNAs compared with WKY rats
Summary
In a substantial decrease in the salivary secretion rate, which indicated that angiotensin II has a direct inhibitory effect on the parotid gland, which may be mediated by a constricting action on its vasculature or alterations in water and electrolyte transport[11]. These studies suggested that there should be a relationship between hypertension and damaged salivary function. Multiple lncRNAs are involved in the development of hypertension[16], and lncRNA-AK094457 is considered to be a key regulator of blood pressure and endothelial function It can increase angiotensin-II-induced vascular dysfunction by inhibiting PPARγ17. Few studies have reported the regulatory roles of lncRNAs in hypertension and the S MG18
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