Abstract
The contribution deals with the impact of the Common Agricultural Policy of the European Union on agriculture of the Czech and Slovak Republic, focusing on livestock production. The analysis is focused on ten years' development of livestock production after the entry of the Czech and Slovak Republic into the EU. Both countries are evaluated in the mutual comparison of selected indicators such as gross agricultural production, stock of animals, intensity of production or agricultural employment. Part of the contribution is the demonstration of the regional differentiation and trends in livestock production taking place in the Czech and Slovak Republic. In conclusion, we examine the consequences of decline in livestock production in the Czech and Slovak Republic reflected in the foreign trade between these countries, and it is closely connected with state sovereignty in livestock products.
Highlights
One of the indicators of both economic and agricultural development in the individual countries is the relationship between crop and livestock production and their share in the total gross agricultural production (GAP) respectively
The decline in the overall agricultural production was associated with a decline in the gross livestock production
The structural imbalance in agricultural production is still increasing, while livestock production presents a lower share in agricultural production
Summary
One of the indicators of both economic and agricultural development in the individual countries is the relationship between crop and livestock production and their share in the total gross agricultural production (GAP) respectively. The share of livestock production in the total gross agricultural production on the territory of the Czech Republic (hereinafter only CR) was the highest in the 1980's, for instance in the year 1986 it amounted to 59.4 %. After the year 1990 when both the Czech and Slovak agriculture underwent major social and economic changes this share has been constantly dropping and the overall volume of livestock production is on the decrease too. The pig numbers that culminated in the year 1981 (5 106 thousand pieces) have dropped to the present 1 617 thousand pigs It means that the overall production volume has fallen. The drop in production is further strongly linked to the import of products to the local market
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