Liver Stiffness Reference Values for Healthy Cuban Adults

Abstract

ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION Reference values for liver stiffness for healthy individuals vary worldwide. Different optimal cutoff values correspond to the stages of fibrosis in chronic liver disease. OBJECTIVES Characterize the distribution of liver stiffness in Cuban adults without liver disease and its association with age, serum uric acid and body mass index. METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed of 110 plasma donors recruited from the Havana Province Blood Bank January 2016 through February 2017. Measurements of liver stiffness were performed using a FibroScan elastography device on the same day of laboratory analyses and abdominal ultrasound. The Pearson coefficient was used to assess correlations, and the reference range was calculated using the mean and its 95% confidence interval. RESULTS Liver stiffness values observed ranged from 2.2–6.3 kPa. The reference range (95% CI) for the 110 subjects without known liver disease was 4.2–4.6 kPa (mean 4.4). A positive correlation was observed between liver stiffness measurements and body mass index (r = 0.255, p <0.01) and serum uric acid (r = 0.266, p <0.01). There was no correlation between liver stiffness and age. Liver stiffness in women was similar to that of men, 4.3 (2.4–6.1) and 4.5 (2.2–6.3) kPa, respectively (p = 0.086). CONCLUSIONS Liver stiffness in Cuban adults without liver disease ranges from 2.2–6.3 kPa. The reference range is 4.2–4.6 kPa. Body mass index and serum uric acid levels are positively associated with liver stiffness. CONTRIBUTION OF THIS RESEARCH This is the first Cuban study using FibroScan to measure liver stiffness; its results will enable better assessment of liver disease in clinical practice.