Abstract
In liver diseases, most commonly in the terminal stage of liver failure, a variety of hemostatic defects affecting almost all parts of the blood coagulation system are developing. This leads to diminishing the capabilities of patients with liver diseases to correctly maintain the hemostatic balance.The severity of hemostatic disorders depends on the nosological form and degree of a liver damage. Depending on the imbalance of the hemostasis system and accumulated clinical/laboratory data, patients with liver diseases can be subdivided into three groups as exhibiting: 1. non-cholestatic liver damage; 2. cholestatic liver damage and 3. liver damage of vascular origin.The first part of the review discusses multiple alterations in the hemostasis system in patients with noncholestatic liver diseases, which are commonly accompanied by hypocoagulation.
Highlights
Alterations of the hemostasis system of patients with chronic diffuse liver diseases commonly represent a significant risk of both bleeding and thrombosis during the development and progression of the disease [1,2,3,4,5]
Advanced liver diseases are associated with reduced plasma levels of most, though not all, coagulation factors [31, 32]
When the terminal stage of hepatic failure is developing, liver transplantation becomes the only option for treatment and to restore the hemostatic system, even in the presence of genetic defects involving the blood clotting system
Summary
Alterations of the hemostasis system of patients with chronic diffuse liver diseases commonly represent a significant risk of both bleeding and thrombosis during the development and progression of the disease [1,2,3,4,5]. This location prevents contact with the clotting factors; when the cell membrane becomes damaged, PS and PE interact with coagulation factors, initiating наличии тканевого фактора и отрицательно заряженных фосфолипидов на внешней поверхности плазматической мембраны клеток. Терминальные стадии заболеваний печени рассматриваются как прототип приобретенного нарушения в системе гемостаза, сопровожthe coagulation process. Advanced liver diseases are associated with reduced plasma levels of most, though not all (e.g. factor VIII), coagulation factors [31, 32].
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