Abstract
Climate variability and vulnerability have a range of impacts on livelihood. It is likely that food insecurity will progress more rapidly with rising temperatures and variable rainfall. Hence, the aim of this study is to assess to assess climate vulnerability on livelihoods, and coping mechanism in selected three Woredas’ of Bale lowland, Sothern Western, Ethiopia. The study was conducted in Six PA’s of the Rayitu, Dawe Qachen and Guradamole Woreda in order to achieve these objectives, the study collected data from primary and secondary sources. The primary data collected by using data gathering tools such as FGDs (6), key informant interviews (50) and household survey (436). The study finding showed that the fluctuation of climate makes the on livelihood of the pastoralist community vulnerable in affecting their crop and livestock productivity of the pastoralists’ community. Furthermore, the finding of the study also showed that there have to be an appropriate adaptation mechanism to the changing and fluctuating climate as well as it increases pastoralists community awareness about mechanism by which climate variability to reduce the impact and also to increase institutional involvement with different intervention mechanism. The vulnerability of climate fluctuation exacerbated by lack of adaptation and commitment from both pastoralists and local institutions. Since pastoralists are prioritizing their immediate benefits rather than sustainable development. To cope with the vulnerability the societies use saving, migration diversification, dissemination of technology and provision of safety nets to some lowlanders and emergency aid is among the coping mechanism provided by the government institution. Based on the findings and results of the study, the following recommendations suggested minimizing the vulnerability of the pastoral communities. Improve agricultural production, build on existing people’s knowledge and practices, strengthen local capacity to manage risks through local civil society organizations, foster institutional linkages for livelihood sustainability, and improve the coverage and quality of climate data.
 Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 9 (1): 23-34, June, 2019
Highlights
The world’s climate is changing rapidly at rates that are anticipated to be exceptional in human history due to human actions
With regarding to sex composition, in the study site the information gained from Rayitu Woreda reveals that 27.5 %( 120) of the surveyed were males while 5.96 %( 26) were females, Dawe Qachen Woreda reveals that 27.29 %( 119) of the surveyed were males while 6.88 % (25) were females
The study was conducted in Six PAs’ of the Rayitu, Dawe Qachen and Guradamole Woreda
Summary
The world’s climate is changing rapidly at rates that are anticipated to be exceptional in human history due to human actions. Variations in weather and climate with extreme events affect most socioeconomic sectors such as agriculture, water, health, transport, and energy among others. Climate describes the characteristic conditions of the earth’s lower surface atmosphere of a specific location while climate change is defined as the long-term changes in average weather conditions. The impacts of climate variability are inevitable and rural communities who depend on agriculture as a source of livelihood are more vulnerable to these impacts. Agriculture is highly sensitive to climate because crop yield depends on whether conditions; both crop growth and development are temperature related. Climate change is a threat to agriculture and food security because of the loss in food production through crop failure and increase in disease and mortality rate of livestock
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