Live and let live: Residents' perspectives on alcohol and tobacco (mis)use in residential care facilities.

Abstract

Alcohol and tobacco use could cause health problems in older adults. Older adults who become in need of 24/7 care due to physical and/or neurological disabilities may need to move to a Residential Care Facility (RCF). RCFs aim to provide person-centred care (PCC) to enhance quality of life (QoL) of residents. This study aims to explore perspectives of residents on alcohol and tobacco use, which is essential to provide PCC. A qualitative research design was chosen, and semi-structured interviews were conducted. Residents who use alcohol and/or tobacco and those who do not use these substances were purposively selected in two organisations on two types of units: psychogeriatric units and units providing care for residents with mainly physical disabilities. The results were analysed using thematic analysis. Thematic analysis resulted in five themes: Current use and self-reflection, knowledge and attitudes, addiction or habit, policies and availability, dependency versus autonomy. Residents in this study value their autonomy regarding alcohol and tobacco use. They experience dependency on their (in)formal caregivers to use these substances and acknowledge that their use could cause a nuisance to others, challenging the ability of caregivers to implement PCC. Future research could assess how to integrate providing PCC to residents by offering choices and autonomy, while considering the addictive component of these substances, health and safety risks for all. This study could help care professionals to become aware of the habits and wishes of residents regarding alcohol and tobacco use and to discuss the possibilities and limitations within RCFs.