Abstract
The electrochemical characteristics of LiV 3O 8 have been investigated with respect to its use as anode material in a new type of rechargeable battery system. LiV 3O 8 reversibly intercalated/deintercalated Li + cations at potentials below the evolution potential of hydrogen in a neutral aqueous solution. Thus, it could be used as anode material in an aqueous battery system without causing the kinetic electrolysis of water. A battery cell consisting of a combination of a LiCoO 2/LiNi 1−xCo xO 2 solid solution (i.e. LiNi 0.81Co 0.19O 2) as cathode material, LiV 3O 8 as anode material and a 1 M-Li 2SO 4 (or LiCl) aqueous solution as electrolyte was constructed. With an output voltage of 1–1.2 V, a total capacity of about 45 mAh/g (weight of anode+cathode) could be obtained. Concerning the stability, 70% of the discharge capacity remained after 30 charge/discharge cycles. The loss in capacity is attributed to a deterioration of the crystal structure. The results indicate the possibility for the development of a safe and low-cost aqueous lithium ion battery.
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