Abstract
Feed additive was derived from poultry manure by microbiological synthesis. After a 10-day feeding poultry with probiotic strains of bacteria B. subtilis TNP-3 and B. subtilis TNP-5, the litter does not contain potential enteropathogens and can be used as a raw material for feed additive. Based on the results of microbiological and biochemical studies the technology of feed additive (powder) with the use of extrusion was developed. Extrusion at a temperature of up to 120 °C for 5-6 seconds provides presence of beneficial bacteria and significantly high content of essential amino acids. According to the results of biochemical studies, litter feed additive contains 18 free amino acids. The total concentration of free amino acids in the feed additive (powder) is 406.3 mg/kg, which is 1.7 times higher than that in the litter without fermentation and extrusion. The experiments have shown that inclusion of 3.3% feed additive in the diet does not have negative effect on physiological state, viability and productivity of laying hens. Survival of birds in both groups was 100%. Additive application in the experimental group of chickens revealed absence of opportunistic pathogenic microorganisms and microscopic fungi, presence of bifidobacteria and spore-forming aerobic Bacillus bacteria in powder, as well as predominance of beneficial micro flora and lack of potential enteropathogens (compared to control). It allows to conclude that feed additive obtained by microbiological synthesis from bird droppings possess probiotic properties. The results of biochemical study of egg production indicate that the use of food additives (to 3.3% of the basic diet) for laying hens significantly increases content of major micro and macro-elements in eggs, compared to the control. Therefore, the use of feed additive-powder (up to 3.3% of the basic diet) does not reduce egg quality. Thus, based on the results of these studies, it can be concluded that the litter obtained from laying hens, after application of probiotic ‘Nord-Bakt’, further fermentation with strains Bacillus subtilis TNP-3 and Bacillus subtilis TNP-5, followed by extrusion can be used as a feed additive as a source of amino acids and beneficial bacteria.
Highlights
Today, there are many poultry farms in the country, where chickens, geese, turkeys and other bird species are bred in large quantities
Feed additive was derived from poultry manure by microbiological synthesis
The experiments have shown that inclusion of 3.3% feed additive in the diet does not have negative effect on physiological state, viability and productivity of laying hens
Summary
There are many poultry farms in the country, where chickens, geese, turkeys and other bird species are bred in large quantities. The amount of generated waste (bird droppings) can often exceed the volume of the main production, reaching hundreds of tons per year. The task of developing safe and waste-free technologies for obtaining poultry products, including organic waste in poultry complexes is urgent [1]. There are several ways to utilize organic poultry waste: they can be used in crop production as fertilizers, raw materials for feed additives, biofuels, as well as an additive for obtaining clean water from wastewater. Feed additives from processed raw materials and animal waste are not inferior to many feeds in nutritional value [2]. With bird droppings, up to 30...35% of undigested feed is released. Depending on keeping and feeding conditions, bird droppings can serve as a source of nutrients or as an environmental pollution factor [3]
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