Abstract
A study of Mediterranean specimens identified as Pseudolithophyllum expansum, Lithophyllum expansum sensu Lemoine and Pseudolithophyllum cabiochiae have shown that the taxa represent the same species and the names (except P. expansum, which is a heterotypic synonym of Mesophyllum lichenoides) represent heterotypic synonyms of Melobesia frondosa, previously treated as a synonym of Lithophyllum grandiusculum, and here considered as a distinct species, Lithophyllum frondosum. All specimens have tetrasporangial conceptacles with a diameter greater than 300 μm, and pore canals that narrow towards the top, with the cells adjacent to them oriented more or less obliquely to the roof surface and projecting into, but not completely occluding, the canal. The above characters are shown also by L. bermudense, which is here considered as a further heterotypic synonym of L. frondosum.
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