Lithological-mineralogical zonality of sulfide cyclothems in the Yaman-Kasy and Saf’yanov massive sulfide deposits (Urals)

Abstract

Formulation of the general concept of hydrothermal-sedimentary massive sulfide formation is related to the development of models of Red Sea brines and Black Smokers with different lithological interpretations of the deposition mechanism for stratified sulfide sediments. The first model is based on the precipitation of hydrothermal sulfide particulates from waters of an anoxic basin and the formation of stratified ore sediments [3, 5]. According to the second model, stratified ores are formed during the submarine destruction of hydrothermal edifices and transport of the ore clast material by turbid flows to flanks of hydrothermal fields [1]. In ancient massive sulfide deposits, stratified sulfide ores have generally lost the primary features of chemogenic or clastogenic sediments due to diagenetic or metamorphic transformations. Elucidation of signatures of the diagenesis of clastogenic sulfide beds would make it possible to choose the optimal model.