Abstract
The description of the «Cossack Mount» section as one of the basic and hypostratotypical for the Zmiiv Formation of the Oligocene of Northern Ukraine is given. Materials on the history of the study of Zmiiv deposits for the two-century period are summarized. The main milestones in the evolution of views on the stratigraphic position of the Zmiiv Formation are noted. Аttention is paid to the so-called «problem of the Poltava Stage» in its historical aspect and its influence on the stratification of the Oligocene sediments of the research area. The lithological features of rocks and facial relationships of this section are described. Іmages of the main lithological varieties of rocks are given. Researchers' views on the genesis of Zmiiv deposits are given (continental, alluvial-lake, lake, freshwater). Based on the studied microfacies, the genesis of the Zmiiv Formation is marine, not continental. The distribution of palynomorphs by section is shown, the levels of probable redeposition of microfossils are noted. The «Cossack Mount» basic section is a unique lithological object that allows us to study the events of shallowing and desalination of Sub-Paratethys and Paratethys during the Middle Oligocene
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