Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Abstract

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) represent the most suitable and widely used candidate for effective energy storage systems for a wide range of applications, such as small electronic devices and electric vehicles, among others. With the increase in energy demand and considering environmental issues and circular economy considerations, it is necessary that the materials that compose LIBs are most sustainable while maintaining or even improving battery performance. Considering the cost of battery manufacturing based on the increase in the price of lithium and metallic elements and the needed reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, one of the main possibilities is that next-generation LIBs are produced through sustainable materials and processes. In this chapter, the state-of-the-art on sustainable processes and materials for the different components – electrodes, separators, and solid polymer electrolytes – of LIBs is presented. Furthermore, these materials and processes can be combined with recycling processes, decreasing the environmental impact of LIBs.