Abstract
The classical ensemble method is applied to study ionization processes of a one-dimensional model lithium atom interacting with an intense laser pulse. The motion of electrons is described by the classical Hamiltonian canonical system of equations. The ratio of double-to-single ionization with the increasing laser intensity is calculated and explained in terms of the energy distribution of electrons. The triple ionization of lithium is also investigated and the primary triple ionization path is found. Our results show a clear transition from nonsequential to sequential double ionization as the intensity increases, which is in agreement with the quantum calculation.
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