Abstract
Battery balance methods are the key technology to ensure the safe and efficient operation of the energy storage systems. Nevertheless, convenient balance methods experience slow convergence and difficult to adapt to quick charging applications. To solve the problem, in this paper, an artificial potential field-based lithium-ion battery balance method is proposed. Firstly, a cyber-physical model of the battery equalization system is proposed, in which the physical layer models the circuit components and the cyber layer represents the communication topology between the batteries. Then the virtual force function is established by artificial potential field to attract the voltage and state-of-charge of each cell to nominal values. With a feedback control law, the charging current of the battery is reasonably distributed to realize the rapid balance among batteries. The experimental results verify the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method.
Highlights
Lithium-ion batteries have been widely used in electric vehicles [1,2,3], trains [4,5,6] and hybrid energy storage systems [7,8,9] owing to their advantages such as large capacity, lightweight, high safety, and small size [10,11]
To solve the above-mentioned challenges, we propose an asynchronous battery balance method based on an artificial potential field
A real-time battery balancing strategy based on the artificial potential field is proposed, and the mapping between charging SoC deviation and the desired charging current is established through the virtual force generated by the artificial potential field
Summary
Lithium-ion batteries have been widely used in electric vehicles [1,2,3], trains [4,5,6] and hybrid energy storage systems [7,8,9] owing to their advantages such as large capacity, lightweight, high safety, and small size [10,11]. When using non-dissipative circuits for equalization, if the voltage of the lithium-ion battery is too high, the active component will absorb the excess energy and store it or charge the battery with lower voltage. The battery voltages are used to judge whether the battery needs to be balanced after charging and discharging This method is relatively simple, it has poor performance and is vulnerable to the influence of the environment, which provides uncertainty of parameters and affects the balance effect [20]. A real-time battery balancing strategy based on the artificial potential field is proposed, and the mapping between charging SoC deviation and the desired charging current is established through the virtual force generated by the artificial potential field. Extensive experiments have been conducted to verify the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed method
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