Abstract
Lithium and sodium insertion in MCr 3 O 8 (M=Li, Na, K) has been investigated by cycling of Li and Na cells at 80–125°C using PEO polymer electrolyte cells and by chemical reaction with n -buthyllithium at room temperature. Methods used for further characterisation of chemically and electrochemically prepared materials include X-ray powder diffraction and infrared spectroscopy. At elevated temperature the number of Li atoms inserted per formula unit exceeds four for all materials while only one Na atom is inserted per formula unit. At room temperature only one alkali metal atom is accepted per formula unit. The higher capacity at elevated temperature is due to a phase change upon Li insertion. The specific energies calculated from the first discharge to 1.5 V versus Li, are 850, 975 and 1100 Wh/kg oxide for Li/KCr 3 O 8 , Li/NaCr 3 O 8 , and Li/LiCr 3 O 8 respectively, and 175 Wh/kg oxide for discharge to 1.0V versus Na of Na/KCr 3 O 8 cells.
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