Abstract
A series of surface-modified lithium ion adsorbents was synthesized in a pH-controlled solution using impregnation method; different oligomeric metal-hydroxide precursors were added on the surface of a spinel-type manganese oxide (Li1.33Mn1.67O4), which was then heat treated. X-ray diffractometry indicated that the crystal structure of spinel was maintained after heating. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that their surfaces were partially covered with metal-oxide layers of 10–20 nm thickness. Loaded metal-oxide contents in mass % were 7.1 of Al and 11.8 of Ni, respectively. The effect of metal-oxide species on chemical stability of the resulting materials in 0.25 mol dm−3 H2SO4 solution was investigated by inductively-coupled plasma spectrometry. Metal-oxide coated Li1.33Mn1.67O4 showed lower manganese dissolution and higher lithium extraction, compared with that of the raw Li1.33Mn1.67O4.
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