Abstract

ABSTRACT The lithification of several Senonian chalks from Israel occurred in a freshwater environment. This is suggested by the lower 13C values (as low as -5 ), and 18O values (as low as 4.5 ) in the lithified chalk, compared with 13C values of -0.2 and 18 values of -1.5 in the overlying chalk. Also, the trace element content n the lithified chalk is lower than in the chalk. In one case (Mount Marpeq) it seems that the lithification to hard chalk occurred during exposure to meteoric water in a non-depositional period.

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