Abstract
With as of the start of the 2000s, technology and internet have become almost indispensable in the lives of individuals. Rapid development of technology has increased the interest and dependence of people on the internet and made it compulsory to use the internet. Increased use of the internet has led to the development invention of mobile devices, cloud technologies, and information and communication technologies. Besides facilitating and accelerating their lives, this situation has caused individuals to encounter some risks. Individuals can exchange information in an online environment, share their feelings and thoughts in a comfortable way, easily benefit from public services and be aware of the events that take place in various parts of the world. In addition, they have started to perform some transactions in electronic media such as e-shopping, e-government, e-book, e-library, e-pulse, e-banking. This brought about the concept of digital life. Digital life has changed a large part of our habits as the Internet began to enter our lives. Most of these changes are in the fields of communication and life perception. This phenomenon led researchers to work more intensively on the concept of digital citizenship. While researching the effects of digital citizenship on the one hand, studies were carried out to determine what to do at school and at teachers’ level. The aim of this study is to address the trends and gaps observed in the research studies about on digital citizenship and to focus on which their subject areas in Turkey. As a result of literature review: (1) Most of the researches studies that are conducted as a result of literature review are focused on students and teachers, (2) In these studies many different scales have been developed to determine the levels of digital citizenship according to the focal point and different factors.
Highlights
The 21st century, which can be labelled as information era, has shaped the lives of individuals due to the advancements in technology
The findings suggest that pre-service teachers who use the internet to follow daily news and read books, who use tablets to do online shopping and e-banking or who are engaged in social networking sites such as Twitter and Facebook possess more features evident in digital citizenship (Aslan, 2016)
A review of the literature shows that the number of research carried on digital citizenship has increased after the 2000s; after 2014, numerous studies have been conducted
Summary
The 21st century, which can be labelled as information era, has shaped the lives of individuals due to the advancements in technology. In accordance with the developments in technology, people started using the internet technologies more often and it evolved into one of the main factors of developments in health, education, communication, media, politics and industry (Fırat, 2016). This has given rise to studies focusing on this digital component. Individuals can share information, experience, thought and emotions with large populations, exchange knowledge and learn about events happening in other sides of the world in a very short time. The advancement in computer technologies is felt in the developments in the internet and people have started to use the computer more effectively for the purpose of discovery, playing games and communication (Şahin & Gülnar, 2016)
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