Literature Review Based on the Contraindications of Hyaluronic Acid Periorally

Abstract

Introduction: Over the last decades, the utilization of hyaluronic acid dermal fillers has resulted in the advancement of the field of aesthetic dentistry. Aesthetic dentists realize that facial soft tissues serve as a frame for their restorative artwork. Soft-tissue augmentation with hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers is currently one of the most popular dental cosmetic procedures. Common sites of injection are the perioral and maxillofacial regions. In this report we present and compare 16 different types of hyaluronic acid dermal fillers, according to their side effects. Materials and Methods: Our sources of information are obtained from the literature review of scientific databases as Google Scholar and PubMed. The keywords used are `hyaluronic acid` and `dermal filler`. The used literature is reported in peer-reviewed publications. The articles are in English language, dating after the year 2010. Results: From 16 types of hyaluronic acid fillers, which are approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), 5 are the most biocompatible and have the longest duration. Complications with dermal fillers are rare. Belotero Balance, HylaForm, Juvederm Ultra/Ultra plus, Perlane and Elevess are proven to be the safest alternatives. They have expected and short-lived side effects such as redness, swelling and tenderness. Infection is quite uncommon and can usually be managed with either antibiotics or antivirals, depending on the clinical features. Conclusions: The hyaluronic acid dermal fillers constitute a revolution for contemporary cosmetic dentistry, because they are a corporeal substance and have minimum side effects. In order to refrain from the side effects, it is best to visit a qualified and experienced dentist, and follow the post-treatment protocol instructions.