Abstract
To evaluate the effect of educational intervention in the adherence to self-care activities and functional health literacy and numeracy in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This was a quasi-experimental study conducted in two units of the Brazilian Family Health Strategy, involving people with diabetes. Educational interventions occurred in three meetings, weekly, lasting 60 minutes on average. Data were collected using the Questionário de Autocuidado com o Diabetes, before and after the interventions. 55 people participated in the study. After the interventions, the greatest difference for a better adherence to self-care was the item "inspecting the inside of the shoes before putting them on", with 3.29 days in the week delta at analytical level. The worst was "taking insulin shots as recommended", with 0.00 days a week delta at basic level. Educational interventions had a positive effect on adherence to self-care and functional literacy in health.
Highlights
METHODOLOGYType 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease and a global health problem, affecting about 422 million people worldwide[1]
Results found that 27 participants lived with 3 to 5 people (49.1%), 51 reported being Catholic (92.7%) and 20 were retired (36.4%)
The results of this study showed the relevance of providing educational interventions for type 2 DM patients who receive care at ESF, focusing on self-care and functional health literacy at numeracy levels, considering that the accomplishment of these educational interventions in Nursing favored the increase on the mean of the deltas of days of the week that the patient uses for self-care activities
Summary
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease and a global health problem, affecting about 422 million people worldwide[1]. The epidemic of type 2 DM has grown at an alarming rate, resulting in severe socioeconomic and health impacts, especially in developing countries[2], where about 80% of affected people live. These are places where the epidemic is aggravated due to the coexistence of infectious diseases. The life quality of a type 2 DM patient is affected, the patient can live a normal life and perform the self-care activities required for his/her health situation to control symptoms and avoid complications in the long term. Learning how to change eating habits, exercising regularly, following the prescribed pharmacological therapy, performing blood-glucose self-monitoring and being able to perform essential foot care are among the self-care activities required for the patient[2]
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