Abstract
The genus Listeria includes several species (15 currently recognized) of which one, Listeria monocytogenes , is the only human pathogen. L . monocytogenes , a facultative intracellular pathogen, can cause severe foodborne disease (listeriosis) to individuals at risk (pregnant women and their fetuses, elderly, and immunocompromised patients). Deli meats, soft (especially Mexican-style) cheeses, and fresh produce have been implicated in outbreaks of listeriosis. A number of adaptive traits, including ability to grow in the cold, allow the bacteria to colonize food processing environments. Extensive information is available on Listeria 's mechanisms for environmental persistence, food contamination, and interactions with animal hosts.
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