Abstract
We report a fully packaged and compact forward viewing endomicroscope by using a resonant fiber scanner with two dimensional Lissajous trajectories. The fiber scanner comprises a single mode fiber with additional microstructures mounted inside a piezoelectric tube with quartered electrodes. The mechanical cross-coupling between the transverse axes of a resonant fiber with a circular cross-section was completely eliminated by asymmetrically modulating the stiffness of the fiber cantilever with silicon microstructures and an off-set fiber fragment. The Lissajous fiber scanner was fully packaged as endomicroscopic catheter passing through the accessory channel of a clinical endoscope and combined with spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). Ex-vivo 3D OCT images were successfully reconstructed along Lissajous trajectory. The preview imaging capability of the Lissajous scanning enables rapid 3D imaging with high temporal resolution. This endoscopic catheter provides many opportunities for on-demand and non-invasive optical biopsy inside a gastrointestinal endoscope.
Highlights
Optical endomicroscopy has raised a great deal of attention for in-vivo clinical applications such as optical biopsy or imaging guided surgery
We have successfully demonstrated a forward-viewing optical coherence tomography (OCT) endomicroscope based on the Lissajous fiber scanner
The cross-coupling of conventional resonant fiber scanners were completely eliminated by decoupling the scanning resonant frequencies along the transverse axes with additional supporting silicon structures with an off-set fiber fragment
Summary
Optical endomicroscopy has raised a great deal of attention for in-vivo clinical applications such as optical biopsy or imaging guided surgery. The additional structures include both extra masses at the distal end of a scanning fiber and an off-set fiber fragment with micromachined silicon structures This additional mass shortens the fiber length for a compact packaging with the resonant frequencies below the detection speed of the SD-OCT system and enables low voltage operations due to high mechanical quality factor (Q-factor). The Lissajous scanning can provide many attractive figure-of-merits for miniaturized laser scanning based imaging systems such as endomicroscopes. Unlike non-resonant raster scanning with high operation power of non-resonant scanning, or the resonant spiral scanning, this unique feature of Lissajous scanning serves as an attractive method for miniaturized laser scanning based imaging systems such as endomicroscopes [36,37,38]
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