Liraglutide Immobilized on Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) Polymer Films Induced the Differentiation of Islet β-Like Cells from Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Abstract

An organoid is a kind of three-dimensional cell culture system that is highly similar to the source tissues or organs in the body. Recently, organoid therapy has become a hot topic in the field of fundamental researches and clinical treatments. Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is caused by the absolute lack of insulin. Exogenous insulin supplement, the only treatment currently available for T1DM, has non-ideal effect due to the poor compliance. An implantable and sustainable strategy of T1DM is needed and the organoids theoretically provide the basis for treatment. However, the current structure and function of organoids are different from that of real organs or tissues. The organic scaffolds can effectively support the growth of organoids, which can increase the similarity of organoids to the real structure. In order to find suitable scaffold materials for islet β-like cells (IBCs) organoids, poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) polymer films were prepared to act as induced carriers for IBCs derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). The surface of PLGA film was simply modified through dopamine (DA) coating (i.e., DA-PLGA) and then liraglutide (LIR) was fixed on the surface of PLGA film via the DA coating (i.e., LIR-DA-PLGA). The results proved that DA could enhance the hydrophilicity and cell proliferation and LIR-DA-PLGA was suitable to act as inducing carriers. In subsequent experiments, LIR-DA-PLGA scaffolds would be prepared to culture organoids and transplanted into the body of diabetic rat model to regulate blood glucose lever.