Liquid silicone filler migration following illicit gluteal augmentation

Abstract

The illicit use of fillers has significantly increased, especially among transgender women (transwomen) attempting to fulfill unmet gender affirmation needs. We present a case of liquid silicone filler migration to the distal lateral thigh, multiple years following an illicit gluteal augmentation, and mimicking a neoplasm. Initial clinical and imaging findings were inconclusive necessitating advanced imaging, an orthopedic oncology surgical consultation, and finally an ultrasound-guided biopsy. Knowledge of the increasing use of fillers, their complications, and imaging findings is critical as these patients commonly choose not to disclose this history. A radiologist suggesting this diagnosis may assist the clinician, who is often unaware of this history which could help prevent unnecessary imaging and invasive procedures.