Abstract
It is well known that soap is one of the most effective cleaning agents in soft water. However, soap is equally notorious for some of its deficiencies, especially formation of soap scum due to the precipitation of calcium and magnesium soaps in hard water, low solubility in water, poor cleaning in cold water, greying of fabrics and dulling of hard surfaces such as ceramic tiles. Attributes of soap that should not be overlooked, especially in today’s environment, include an abundant and natural raw material supply (vegetable oils and fats) and excellent human and environmental safety profiles that are superior to most synthetic surfactants.
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