Abstract
This paper proposes a printed dipole antenna for 5G based vehicular communications. To achieve broadband operation, an offset fed staircase structure J-shaped balun with folded micros-trip line and rectangular slot is used. The antenna yields an S11 < −10 dB wide bandwidth of 17.65 GHz and 2.24 GHz over the frequency ranges 24.3–41.95 GHz and 49.91–52.15 GHz respectively. It achieved the required mm-wave frequencies 28, 33, 37 and 39 GHz for future vehicular communications. The proposed antenna achieved a peak gain of 6.81 dB in the operating band and 98.82% as maximum efficiency. It is fabricated on 10 × 13 × 0.254 mm3 liquid crystal polymer (LCP) substrate with a dielectric constant of 2.9 and a loss tangent of 0.002. To validate the antenna for vehicular environment, conformal models at different bending angles are developed in HFSS. The analyzed conformal characteristics of the antenna are supporting mm-wave frequencies. The simulated characteristics of the antenna placed on the vehicle in virtual environment in ANSYS SAVANT and the measured results are in good agreement.
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