Abstract
Perfluorooctane sulfonyl fluoride (PFOSF) is a main precursor of environmentally ubiquitous perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS), and the quantity released to the environment is substantial. Determination of PFOSF, particularly at low concentrations, presents significant challenges for high-performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) analyses due to the lack of chromophore and ionizable functional group, respectively. In this study, a new method was developed by derivatizing PFOSF with benzylamine to allow rapid quantitative analysis by using LC/MS. The method demonstrated good linearity in the range from 2 to 80 ng mL(-1) with r(2) > 0.994 for the derivatization product while the absolute detection limit was 2.5 pg. Liquid-liquid and liquid-solid extraction procedures were established for analysis of water and soil samples, and recoveries were in the range of 51-128%. In addition, the derivatization was selective for PFOSF, whereas PFOS did not nearly react. The developed simple analytical method with good reproducibility might not only be applied for analysis of PFOSF in the environment but also be applicable for supporting investigations on environmental fate of PFOSF, particularly its environmental and biotransformation to PFOS.
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