Liquid chromatography-high resolution-tandem mass spectrometry using Orbitrap technology for comprehensive screening to detect drugs and their metabolites in blood plasma

Abstract

Orbitrap technology was successfully applied for broad metabolite-based LC-high resolution (HR)-MS screening of drugs in clinical and forensic toxicology. This paper aims to elucidate whether this technology can also be used for a corresponding blood plasma screening after simple precipitation without or with consecutive on-line extraction using turbulent flow chromatography (TurboFlow). The analytes were separated within 10 min and detected by a Q-Exactive mass spectrometer in full scan mode after positive/negative switching. In one single run, a target screening for about 700 relevant compounds was developed in parallel with data-dependent acquisition for unknowns. A compound was positively identified when the corresponding accurate mass precursor ion and the five most intense fragment ions were detected and the MS/MS spectrum fits well with the corresponding full HR-MS/MS reference library currently containing over 2000 parent drugs and 2500 metabolites. All over all run times were 17 min for precipitation and 21 min for TurboFlow after precipitation. Method validation was successfully performed for representative drugs and metabolites concerning recovery, matrix effect, process efficiency, and limits of detection and identification. Process efficiency data ranged for most analytes from 3 to 138% with coefficients of variation (CV) ≤ 20% for precipitation and from 1 to 156% with CV ≤ 20% for TurboFlow. Applicability studies showed that the developed method provided fast, simple, and robust screening and identification of a broad range of drugs within therapeutic ranges.