Abstract
The extracts of seven Lavandulae species (Lavandula stoechas, Lavandula lanata, Lavandula viridis, Lavandula angustifolia „Rosea”, Lavandula angustifolia „Afropurpurea”, Lavandula angustifolia and one unknown) were analyzed using the reversed-phase-high performance liquid chromatography–diode array detection (RP-HPLC–DAD) with gradient elution technique to obtain the chromatographic fingerprint profiles. The HPLC analysis was performed using the Kinetex RP18 chromatographic column and eluent consisting of methanol-water-0.1% formic acid (5–100% (v/v)) at 30 °C with the run time of 60 min. and the detection wavelength 280 nm. The chromatograms were preliminary processed with the smoothing, noise reduction, background subtraction and alignment using the SpecAlign program (version 2.4.1). The presence of selected standards (apigenin, myricetin, luteolin, luteolin 7-glucoside, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid) in the extracts was confirmed. The chemical similarity between studied plants was evaluated using the Cluster Analysis (Pearson correlation coefficient, r, and Euclidean) and PCA. The preliminary antioxidant activity of studied extracts was evaluated based on the total phenolic content (Folin-Ciocalteu method), ferric ion reducing antioxidant parameter (FRAP) and α,α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging method using the spectrophotometric technique.
Highlights
Lavandulae species belongs to Lamiaceae family and includes about 39 species and they are cultivated mainly in Europe
The High Performance Liquid Chromatography was performed using the gradient elution with the RP-18 chromatographic column and the mobile phase consisting of methanol, water and 0.1% formic acid by 60 minutes
The identification of the standards in studied Lavandulae species was performed based on the retention time values and the comparison of UV-VIS spectrum of standards and peaks in chromatograms
Summary
Lavandulae species belongs to Lamiaceae family and includes about 39 species and they are cultivated mainly in Europe. The genus Lavandula are traditionally used for the treatment of depression, headache, stress, migraine and diabetes [1,2]. Due to presence of the essential oils (monoterpenes) lavender has an antimicrobial, antifungal, antiflatulence, antiholic and carminative effects and is used in the cosmetics industry [1,3,4,5]. The Lavandulae species are rich in the secondary metabolites, such as phenolic acids, flavonoids, coumarins, diterpenes, triterpenes, tannins [2,6,7]. Due to the presence of the phenolic compounds the lavender extracts show the antioxidant activity [8,9,10,11].
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