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Abstract
Abstract A typical method of synthesizing epoxy composites is to incorporate diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A (DGEBA) into a bio-based epoxy resin. In this strategy, pure liquefied biomass is typically used as feedstock and is blended with DGEBA. Liquefied banana pseudo stem (LBPS), a bio-based active mixture obtained by liquefaction with phenol as the solvent, was directly utilized without depuration or additional DGEBA to develop a composite blend epoxy resin (cb-LBPSER). The blending process based on an incorporation of phenol-based epoxy resin (PER) was investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography, and thermogravimetric analysis. The cb-LBPSER presented a lower molecular weight and an improvement of 38.45% for shear strength than the pure LBPS-based epoxy resin (LBPSER). Also, the cured cb-LBPSER adhesive displayed a thermal stability comparable to that of PER. In addition, the curing behaviour, the activation energy, and the glass transition temperature were analyzed by diffrential scanning calorimetry and dynamic mechanical analysis. The blend bio-based epoxy composites exhibited an improved performance, confirming its potential as a suitable alternative to commercial PER.
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