Abstract
A new energy storage concept for variable renewable energy, LIQHYSMES,has been proposed which combines the use of liquid hydrogen (LH2) with superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES).LH2 with its high volumetric energy density and, compared with compressed hydrogen,increased operational safety is the prime energy carrier for large scale stationaryenergy storage. But balancing load or supply fluctuations with hydrogen alone isunrealistic due to the response times of the flow control. To operate the hydrogenpart more steadily, additional short-term electrical energy storage is needed. Forthis purpose a SMES based on coated conductors or magnesium diborideMgB2 operatedin the LH2 bath, is proposed. Different solenoidal and toroidal SMES designs for the 10 GJ range arecompared in terms of size and ramping losses. Cost targets for different power levelsand supply periods are addressed, taking into account current developments incompeting short-term storage devices like super-capacitors, batteries and flywheels.
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