Abstract
Liposomes are self-assembled structures that contain an inner aqueous compartment surrounded by a lipid bilayer. This unique structure inherently provides liposomes with a powerful capability for encapsulating hydrophilic, hydrophobic or amphiphilic molecules or nanoparticles. Combining this property with appropriate signal amplification strategies and transduction techniques results in a variety of in vitro or in vivo biological sensors. In this review article, we discuss the latest trends in engineering and applications of liposome based nanosensors for biological sensing. Particular focus was made on the coupling of liposomes with popular sensor materials (enzymes, quantum dots, metal nanoparticles and other sensor enhancement elements) for highly sensitive and selective detection of chemical and biological species. Such information will be viable in terms of providing a useful platform for designing future ultrasensitive liposome nanosensors.
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