Abstract
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), also known as ubiquinone, is a fat-soluble antioxidant. Although CoQ10 has not been approved as medication by the Food and Drug Administration, it is widely used in dietary supplements. Some studies have shown that CoQ10 has anti-inflammatory effects on various autoimmune disorders. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of liposome/gold hybrid nanoparticles encoded with CoQ10 (LGNP-CoQ10). Both CoQ10 and LGNP-CoQ10 were administered orally to mice with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) for 10 weeks. The inflammation pathology of joint tissues of CIA mice was then analyzed using hematoxylin and eosin and Safranin O staining, as well as immunohistochemistry analysis. We obtained immunofluorescence staining images of spleen tissues using confocal microscopy. We found that pro-inflammatory cytokines were significantly decreased in LGNP-CoQ10 injected mice. Th17 cell and phosphorylated STAT3-expressed cell populations were also decreased in LGNP-CoQ10 injected mice. When human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were treated with CoQ10 and LGNP-CoQ10, the IL-17 expression of PBMCs in the LGNP-CoQ10-treated group was significantly reduced. Together, these results suggest that LGNP-CoQ10 has therapeutic potential for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
Highlights
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disorder that causes long-term and systemic joint inflammation [1]
Liposome/gold hybrid nanoparticle encoded with Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) inhibits development of rheumatoid arthritis through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI), funded by the Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea (HI15C1062)
Liposome/gold hybrid nanoparticle encoded with CoQ10 inhibits development of rheumatoid arthritis aqueous solution (HAuCl4 3H2O, tetrachloroauric acid trihydrate, 200 μM) and kept overnight in an agitating incubator at room temperature [24]
Summary
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disorder that causes long-term and systemic joint inflammation [1]. RA has been reported to lead to bone erosion and cartilage destruction [2]. The precise mechanism of RA remains unclear, pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-17 are associated with RA pathogenesis [3, 4]. In RA, IL-17 releases CD4+ T cells (helper T 17 [Th17]), which induce an inflammatory response that causes acute. Liposome/gold hybrid nanoparticle encoded with CoQ10 inhibits development of rheumatoid arthritis through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI), funded by the Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea (HI15C1062). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript
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